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The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Analysis of Craniomaxillofacial Malformations in Mice Using Three-dimensional Microcomputed Tomography
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Craniofacial microsomia - more than a structural malformation.

Louhi Kuu-Karkku1, Auli Suominen2, Anna-Liisa Svedström-Oristo1

  • 1Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research
|June 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) affects 1 in 10,057 individuals in Finland, with significant needs for psychiatric care across all ages, alongside plastic surgery and dental services.

Keywords:
congenital deformitycraniofacial microsomiahospital districtsspecialized healthcare servicesstructural malformation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Genetics
  • Public Health
  • Plastic Surgery

Background:

  • Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital condition affecting facial development.
  • Understanding its prevalence and healthcare needs is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and geographical distribution of craniofacial microsomia (CFM) in Finland.
  • To identify common comorbidities and specialized healthcare service requirements for CFM patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Finnish Register of Congenital Malformations.
  • Incorporated information from the Care Register for Social Welfare and Health Care (Hilmo).

Main Results:

  • CFM prevalence in Finland was found to be 1:10,057, with even distribution across university hospital districts.
  • Frequent diagnoses included neurotic disorders, facial asymmetry, and psychiatric examinations, indicating significant mental health needs.
  • Most patients accessed clinical genetics, plastic surgery, and dental services, with a notable concentration of plastic surgery in one center.

Conclusions:

  • CFM patients require extensive specialized care, particularly for facial asymmetry and ear malformations.
  • There is a clear and consistent need for psychiatric support across all age groups of CFM patients.
  • Healthcare service utilization patterns highlight the multidisciplinary approach required for managing craniofacial microsomia.