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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computing is a goal-directed selection process (GDSP). This study compares molecular, cellular, and macroscopic computers, revealing they are driven by gnergons and introducing the wave-particle duality of enzymes.

Keywords:
Cell computingConformon-mediated decoding information from DNAConformon-mediated encoding information in biopolymersGnergyIntracellular dissipative structures as phonon-like entities organizing metabolism in living cellsMolecular computersMolecular machines

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Area of Science:

  • Information theory
  • Biophysics
  • Computer science

Background:

  • Computing is defined as a goal-directed selection process (GDSP).
  • Physicochemical systems like enzymes, cells, and brains can execute GDSP.
  • Understanding cell computing requires comparing it to molecular and macroscopic computers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define principles and mechanisms of cell computing.
  • To compare cell computers with molecular (enzymes) and macroscopic (Turing machine) computers.
  • To introduce the wave-particle duality of enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of different computer types (enzymes, cells, brains).
  • Application of information theory (Shannon information).
  • Postulation of gnergons as information-energy particles.

Main Results:

  • All computers analyzed are driven by gnergons, aligning with the Gnergy Principle of Organization.
  • Enzymes were treated as both particles and standing waves.
  • The wave-particle duality of enzymes was postulated.

Conclusions:

  • Enzymes exhibit wave-particle duality, analogous to light.
  • Gnergons are fundamental to information processing in biological and physical systems.
  • This framework advances the understanding of cell computing and biophysical computation.