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Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

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Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
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Fixation disparity and refractive error among first-year optometry students.

Mohammed Abdul-Kabir1, Eldrick Adu Acquah1, Ebenezer Justice Quainoo1

  • 1Department of Optometry and Visual Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.

Journal of Optometry
|June 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Refractive error in optometry students does not significantly impact fixation disparity. However, exo fixation disparity at near is linked to headaches in this group.

Keywords:
Fixation disparityHeadacheNear workRefractive errorSpectacle correctionStudents

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Area of Science:

  • Optometry
  • Ophthalmology
  • Visual Science

Background:

  • Fixation disparity is a common condition affecting binocular vision.
  • Understanding its relationship with refractive error and visual symptoms is crucial for student eye care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between refractive error and fixation disparity in first-year optometry students.
  • To identify any association between fixation disparity and near visual symptoms, specifically headaches.

Main Methods:

  • An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 85 optometry students (aged 17-27).
  • Subjective refraction and fixation disparity (with/without correction) were measured using the Wesson Fixation Disparity Card.
  • Statistical analysis included a 95% confidence interval and a p-value ≤ 0.05.

Main Results:

  • Refractive errors ranged from 0.25 to 5.50 SEQ, with myopia being common.
  • No significant correlation was found between refractive error and fixation disparity, with or without correction.
  • Participants experiencing headaches reported significantly higher mean fixation disparity (exo direction) at near compared to those without headaches.

Conclusions:

  • Refractive error does not appear to influence fixation disparity in this student population.
  • Exo fixation disparity at near is significantly associated with the occurrence of headaches.
  • These findings highlight the importance of assessing fixation disparity in students reporting visual discomfort.