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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

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Age and Interlimb Coordination Complexity Modulate Oscillatory Spectral Dynamics and Large-scale Functional

Sybren Van Hoornweder¹, Diego Andrés Blanco Mora², Siel Depestele¹

¹REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.

|June 12, 2022

Summary

Aging impairs interlimb coordination. Older adults show enhanced beta oscillations, a compensatory mechanism for complex tasks, while theta and alpha connectivity are modulated by task and age.

Keywords:

aging electroencephalography (EEG)functional connectivity interlimb coordination spectral analyses time-frequency

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Published on: March 21, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Human Motor Control
Aging Research

Background:

Interlimb coordination, essential for daily activities, declines with age.
Understanding the neurophysiological basis of age-related coordination deficits is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neural dynamics of age-related interlimb coordination deterioration.
To compare spectral power and functional connectivity in younger and older adults during a complex motor task.

Main Methods:

Electroencephalography (EEG) time-frequency spectral power and functional connectivity analyses were employed.
Twenty younger (18-30 years) and nineteen older adults (65-78 years) performed a complex interlimb reaction time task.
Analysis focused on theta, alpha, and beta oscillations in frontal, central, and parietal regions.

Main Results:

Older adults exhibited significantly slower reaction times, with the largest age-group difference in the most complex condition.
Enhanced beta event-related desynchronization (attenuation of beta power) was observed in older adults, correlating positively with performance.
Theta functional connectivity increased with task complexity, while frontoparietal alpha connectivity showed a trend of reduction in older adults.

Conclusions:

Enhanced beta desynchronization in older adults may represent a compensatory strategy for age-related coordination challenges.
Theta and alpha band functional connectivity are modulated by task complexity and age.
Targeting these neural dynamics via noninvasive brain stimulation could potentially enhance interlimb coordination in older adults.