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Factors influencing opioid prescribing after tooth extraction
Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
|June 12, 2022
Summary
Opioid prescriptions following tooth extraction are common, especially after complex procedures. Understanding factors like non-opioid analgesic use and surgical complexity can help reduce unnecessary opioid prescribing.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Pharmacology
- Public Health
Background:
- Tooth extractions are a leading cause of opioid prescriptions in dentistry.
- Characteristics influencing opioid prescription likelihood require further investigation to reduce unnecessary prescribing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify factors associated with opioid prescription following tooth extraction.
- To inform the development of targeted interventions for opioid reduction.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 44,387 patient records (12+ years old) undergoing tooth extraction from 2013-2020.
- Multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine factors associated with opioid prescription issuance.
Main Results:
- 23.9% of patients received an opioid prescription.
- Factors increasing opioid prescription likelihood include non-opioid analgesic use, antibiotic use, procedural sedation, surgical extraction, and number of third molars extracted.
- Factors decreasing opioid prescription likelihood include later appointment dates (2018+), treatment in student/resident clinics, and appointments on days other than Friday.
Conclusions:
- Opioid prescribing after tooth extraction is prevalent, particularly for extensive procedures.
- Prescribing patterns are influenced by provider habits and perceived pain modulation factors.
- Identifying these factors is crucial for developing effective opioid reduction strategies.
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