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Updated: Sep 8, 2025

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Trained Immunity Enhances Human Monocyte Function in Aging and Sepsis.

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|June 13, 2022
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Immune training using β-glucan enhances monocytes in aging individuals and sepsis patients. This trained immunity boosts cellular responses, offering a potential strategy to improve immune function in vulnerable populations.

Keywords:
agingimmunosenescenceinnate immunitymonocytestrained immunity

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Aging research
  • Infectious disease

Background:

  • Aging is a significant risk factor for infection severity and mortality, particularly in sepsis.
  • Trained immunity, a form of innate immune memory, shows promise for enhancing immune responses.
  • Limited data exists on trained immunity in aging individuals and sepsis patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of β-glucan-induced trained immunity on monocytes from aging humans and sepsis patients.
  • To compare the trained immunity response in aging monocytes to that of younger individuals.
  • To explore the impact of trained immunity on cell surface marker expression.

Main Methods:

  • Monocytes were isolated from healthy aging (>60 years) and younger (18-59 years) individuals, as well as sepsis patients.
  • Innate immune training was induced using β-glucan.
  • Key cellular functions including metabolic capacity, cytokine secretion, H3K27 acetylation, and intracellular signaling pathways were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Trained monocytes from healthy aging individuals showed enhanced metabolic capacity, cytokine secretion, H3K27 acetylation, and signaling pathway activation.
  • The trained immunity response in aging monocytes was comparable to that in younger individuals.
  • Trained immunity induced a consistent, age-independent pattern of cell surface marker expression.
  • Trained monocytes from sepsis patients also exhibited increased metabolic capacity and cytokine production.

Conclusions:

  • Innate immune training is feasible in monocytes from both aging individuals and sepsis patients.
  • Trained immunity can restore or enhance immune function in aging and critically ill populations.
  • These findings suggest trained immunity as a potential therapeutic avenue for age-related immune dysfunction and sepsis.