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Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

3.1K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 8, 2025

The Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Model of Perinatal Ischemia
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Thyroid Function in Neonates with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Aybuke Yazici1, Gulsum Kadioglu Simsek1, Serhan Elbayiyev1

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Ankara City Hospital University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.

Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management
|June 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) may affect thyroid function tests (TFTs). Repeat thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) screening after TH is recommended to ensure accurate thyroid function assessment.

Keywords:
free thyroxinehypothermiahypoxic ischemic encephalopathythyroid function teststhyroid-stimulating hormone

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a serious condition in newborns resulting from oxygen deprivation.
  • Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is a standard treatment for HIE, involving controlled cooling of the infant.
  • Thyroid function tests (TFTs) are crucial for assessing neonatal health, but their response to HIE and TH is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of asphyxia and therapeutic hypothermia (TH) on thyroid function tests (TFTs) in neonates with HIE.
  • To compare capillary TSH and serum TSH and fT4 levels between neonates treated with and without TH.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 111 neonates diagnosed and treated for HIE.
  • Patients were divided into TH and non-hypothermia groups.
  • Comparison of demographic data, laboratory results, capillary TSH (cTSH), serum TSH, and serum free thyroxine (fT4) levels.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in gestational age or birth weight between groups.
  • Serum TSH and fT4 levels were similar between TH and non-hypothermia groups.
  • Abnormal serum TSH (>5.5 mU/mL) was significantly more frequent in the TH group (44.4% vs. 19%, p=0.026).
  • Capillary TSH levels analyzed within the first 4 days showed a trend towards higher values in the non-hypothermia group (p=0.04).

Conclusions:

  • Therapeutic hypothermia may influence thyroid function test results in neonates with HIE.
  • The higher incidence of abnormal serum TSH in the TH group suggests potential alterations in thyroid function.
  • Repeating TSH screening after TH is advisable for accurate assessment of thyroid status in these infants.