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Developing mental number line games to improve young children's number knowledge and basic arithmetic skills.

Chien-Heng Lin1

  • 1Department of Early Childhood Education, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|June 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A linear number line game effectively improves early childhood number knowledge and arithmetic skills. This game is particularly beneficial for number line estimation compared to other methods.

Keywords:
Basic arithmetic skillChildren’s numerical knowledgeGames for mathematical learningMental number line gameNumber line gamesYoung children's mathematics

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Area of Science:

  • Early Childhood Education
  • Cognitive Development
  • Mathematics Education

Background:

  • Early number knowledge is crucial for later mathematics achievement.
  • Difficulties in math often stem from a lack of foundational number sense.
  • The mental number line theory informs the development of numerical cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a linear number line game for early childhood.
  • To assess the game's impact on number concepts and basic arithmetic skills.
  • To compare the linear number line game's effectiveness against nonlinear and non-number-line games.

Main Methods:

  • Quasi-experimental research design with a pretest-posttest approach.
  • Involved 140 young children from remote areas in Taiwan.
  • Participants were divided into three experimental groups and one control group.

Main Results:

  • The linear number line game significantly enhanced numerical knowledge, especially number line estimation.
  • Both linear and nonlinear number line games outperformed the traditional game in teaching basic arithmetic (addition, subtraction).
  • The linear number line game demonstrated superior effectiveness in improving numerical cognition.

Conclusions:

  • Linear number line games are effective tools for developing children's numerical knowledge.
  • Preschool educators should utilize linear number line games to boost arithmetic skills.
  • Targeted interventions like the linear number line game can address early math learning gaps.