Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Standards of Care II

Standards of Care II

Nurses bear specific legal responsibilities under several federal statutes, including:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Situational Awareness in the Context of Clinical Practice.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2023

Same author

Errors in clinical diagnosis: a narrative review.

The Journal of international medical research·2023

Same author

Tumour Genetic Heterogeneity in Relation to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Anti-Cancer Treatment.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2023

Same author

Burnout phenomenon: neurophysiological factors, clinical features, and aspects of management.

The Journal of international medical research·2022

Same author

The burnout construct with reference to healthcare providers: A narrative review.

SAGE open medicine·2022

Same author

Is noma a neglected/overlooked tropical disease?

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data

Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data

Published on: October 23, 2020

Noma staging: a review.

Razia Abdool Gafaar Khammissa¹, Johan Lemmer², Liviu Feller³

¹Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. razia.khammissa@up.ac.za.

Tropical Medicine and Health

|June 13, 2022

Summary

Noma, a destructive oro-facial disease, primarily affects malnourished children in impoverished regions. This viewpoint proposes a revised staging system for noma to improve epidemiological data quality.

Keywords:

Acute noma Arrested noma Necrotising gingivitis Necrotising periodontitis Necrotising stomatitis Noma classification

More Related Videos

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Published on: September 27, 2024

Comparison of Predictive Performance of Three Lymph Node Staging Systems in Colorectal Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Based on Machine Learning Model

Comparison of Predictive Performance of Three Lymph Node Staging Systems in Colorectal Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Based on Machine Learning Model

Published on: April 18, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data

Establishing a Competing Risk Regression Nomogram Model for Survival Data

Published on: October 23, 2020

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Published on: September 27, 2024

Comparison of Predictive Performance of Three Lymph Node Staging Systems in Colorectal Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Based on Machine Learning Model

Comparison of Predictive Performance of Three Lymph Node Staging Systems in Colorectal Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Based on Machine Learning Model

Published on: April 18, 2025

Area of Science:

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Background:

Noma is a severe, necrotizing oro-facial disease predominantly affecting malnourished children in resource-limited areas.
It is a bacterial, non-communicable condition, often linked to debilitating illnesses and immunosuppression in regions like sub-Saharan Africa.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically evaluate the existing World Health Organization (WHO) classification of noma.
To propose a revised, evidence-based staging system for noma that is simpler, more logical, and practical.

Main Methods:

This is a viewpoint article, not based on new experimental data.
The authors analyze the current WHO staging system and its limitations.
A new staging proposal is presented based on clinical and epidemiological considerations.

Main Results:

The current WHO classification of noma into five stages (gingivitis, oedema, gangrene, scarring, sequela) is deemed inadequate.
The proposed revised staging aims to enhance the accuracy and utility of future noma research.

Conclusions:

The existing WHO staging system for noma requires significant re-appraisal.
A new, practical staging system for noma is proposed to improve the quality of epidemiological data and guide future research.