Nanoparticles mediated tumor microenvironment modulation: current advances and applications.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nanomedicine
• Cancer Biology

Background:

• The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial in cancer progression and resistance to therapy.
• Modulating the TME is a promising strategy to resensitize tumors to treatments.
• Nanotechnology offers targeted delivery and TME reprogramming advantages.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review novel nano-based approaches for targeting and reprogramming the TME.
• To explore nanoplatforms for overcoming drug resistance in solid tumors.
• To discuss combinations of nanomedicine with standard cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of nano-based strategies targeting TME components.
• Analysis of nanoplatforms for reprogramming macrophages, fibroblasts, vasculature, hypoxia, and ROS.
• Examination of combination therapies involving nanomedicine and conventional treatments.

Main Results:

• Nanoparticles can effectively target and modulate key TME elements.
• Reprogramming the TME with nanomedicine enhances sensitivity to immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
• Combinatorial approaches show potential for improved clinical outcomes in solid tumors.

Conclusions:

• Nano-based solutions represent a powerful tool for TME modulation.
• Targeting the TME with nanomedicine can overcome drug resistance.
• Combining nanoplatforms with existing therapies offers a promising strategy for solid tumor treatment.