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Related Concept Videos

Elastic Potential Energy01:01

Elastic Potential Energy

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Elastic potential energy is the energy stored as a result of the deformation of an elastic object, such as the stretching of a spring. An object is elastic if it returns to its original shape and size after being deformed. 
Potential energy is also associated with the elastic force exerted by an ideal spring. The work done by this force can be represented as a change in the elastic potential energy of the spring. Thus, the work done by a perfectly elastic spring, in one dimension, depends...
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Energy Diagrams - II01:10

Energy Diagrams - II

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Energy diagrams are important to understand the dynamics of a system. The topology of an energy diagram helps illustrate the equilibrium points of the system.
The point in the energy diagram at which the system’s potential energy is the lowest is known as the local minima. The system tends to stay in this position indefinitely unless acted upon by a net force. The slope of the potential energy diagram at the local minima is zero, indicating that zero net force is acting on the system. The...
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Force and Potential Energy in One Dimension01:13

Force and Potential Energy in One Dimension

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Force can be calculated from the expression for potential energy, which is a function of position. The component of a conservative force, in a particular direction, equals the negative of the derivative of the corresponding potential energy with respect to the displacement in that direction. For regions where potential energy changes rapidly with displacement, the work done and force is maximum. Also, when force is applied along the positive coordinate axis, the potential energy decreases with...
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Types of Forces01:09

Types of Forces

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In most situations, forces can be grouped into two categories: contact forces and field forces.  Contact forces occur as a result of direct physical contact between objects. Field forces, however, act without the necessity of physical contact between objects. They depend on the presence of a "field" in the region of space surrounding the body under consideration. You can think of a field as a property of space that is detectable by the forces it exerts. Scientists think there...
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Non-conservative Forces01:17

Non-conservative Forces

8.1K
Non-conservative forces are dissipative forces such as friction or air resistance. These forces take energy away from a system as it progresses. Unlike conservative forces, non-conservative forces do not have potential energy associated with them. This is because the energy is lost to the system and cannot be turned into useful work later.
Also unlike their conservative counterparts, they are path-dependent; where the object starts and stops does matter. For example, a grinding wheel applies a...
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Potential Energy01:09

Potential Energy

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A conservative force, such as a gravitational or elastic force, gives the body the capacity to do work. This capacity, measured as the potential energy, depends on the body's location or “position” relative to a fixed reference position or datum. The gravitational potential energy is considered zero at the reference point. Suppose a body is located at some vertical distance above a fixed horizontal reference or datum. In that case, the weight of the body has positive...
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Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid
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Force Dependent Barriers from Analytic Potentials within Elastic Environments.

Samaneh Khodayeki1,2, Wafa Maftuhin1,2, Michael Walter1,2,3,4

  • 1Freiburger Institut für Interaktive Materialien und Bioinspirierte Technologien, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.

Chemphyschem : a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
|June 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bond rupture barriers are determined by dissociation energy and maximal force, simplifying existing theories. Elastic environments do not alter these barriers, contrary to some simulation methods.

Keywords:
bond breakingdensity functional theoryforce dependent barriersmechanochemistrythermal activation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Physics
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Bond rupture under external forces is a critical phenomenon influenced by thermal fluctuations.
  • The force-dependent energy barrier is a key quantity determining the rate of bond rupture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analytically determine the force-dependent energy barriers for bond rupture.
  • To re-interpret established theories like the Eyring-Zhurkov-Bell length using these findings.
  • To investigate the influence of elastic environments on bond rupture barriers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized analytic potentials to derive expressions for energy barriers.
  • Performed explicit calculations of bond rupture in a polydimethylsiloxane model for validation.

Main Results:

  • Energy barriers are fully determined by dissociation energy and the maximum force the potential can withstand.
  • A simple dependence of the barrier on these two quantities was identified.
  • Solely elastic environments were found not to alter the bond rupture barrier.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a simplified understanding of bond rupture mechanics based on fundamental potential properties.
  • Findings challenge predictions from constraint geometry simulate external force (COGEF) strategies regarding elastic environments.
  • The results offer a new perspective on theories describing bond rupture dynamics.