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Related Concept Videos

Primary Active Transport01:29

Primary Active Transport

10.9K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...
10.9K
ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps01:34

ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps

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The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
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ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps01:30

ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps

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V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
3.9K
ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview01:27

ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview

8.5K
ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and...
8.5K
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

2.8K
Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
2.8K
Active Transport01:14

Active Transport

874
Active transport is a critical biological process that allows cells to move solutes against an electrochemical gradient. This process requires direct energy input and is characterized by its selectivity, saturability, and susceptibility to competitive inhibition.
Primary active transporters, like Na+, K+ and -ATPase, directly utilize ATP to move ions across the membrane. These transporters play significant roles in various physiological processes. For instance, Na+, K+ and -ATPase maintain...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Contribution of the Na+/K+ Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses
08:34

Contribution of the Na+/K+ Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses

Published on: May 9, 2021

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How a tyrosine primes the pump.

Ben Short

    The Journal of General Physiology
    |June 15, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study reveals how a specific tyrosine residue in the sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+ pump) dictates its selectivity. Using amino acid substitutions, researchers uncovered mechanisms of ion transport control.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Membrane Protein Function

    Background:

    • The sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+ pump) is a vital ion transporter essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
    • Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing the Na+/K+ pump's selectivity is crucial for comprehending its physiological roles.

    Discussion:

    • This research investigates the role of a specific tyrosine residue in modulating the Na+/K+ pump's ion selectivity.
    • The study employs both natural and unnatural amino acid substitutions to probe the functional impact of this residue.

    Key Insights:

    • A key tyrosine residue plays a critical role in controlling the selectivity of the Na+/K+ pump.
    • Amino acid substitutions provide insights into the precise molecular interactions governing ion binding and transport.

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    Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia
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    Last Updated: Sep 8, 2025

    Contribution of the Na+/K+ Pump to Rhythmic Bursting, Explored with Modeling and Dynamic Clamp Analyses
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    Comprehensive Profiling of Dopamine Regulation in Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area
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    Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia
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    Outlook:

    • Further investigation into tyrosine residue function can elucidate broader principles of ion transporter selectivity.
    • This work may inform the development of therapeutic strategies targeting ion pump function.