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Homocysteine in coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a systematic literature review

Giovanni Carpenè1, Davide Negrini1, Brandon M Henry2

  • 1Section of Clinical Biochemistry and School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Diagnosis (Berlin, Germany)
|June 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Increased homocysteine levels may predict severe outcomes in COVID-19 patients. This systematic review suggests hyperhomocysteinemia is linked to unfavorable disease progression in coronavirus disease 2019.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a prothrombotic state.
  • Homocysteine is a potential biomarker for thrombotic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of the role of hyperhomocysteinemia in COVID-19 progression.
  • To explore the association between homocysteine levels and COVID-19 severity.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies published between 2019 and present.
  • Electronic search conducted in Medline (PubMed interface).
  • Keywords used: "COVID-19" OR "SARS-CoV-2" AND "homocysteine".

Main Results:

  • Three studies involving 694 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were included.
  • Mean homocysteine values were consistently higher in severe COVID-19 patients compared to non-severe cases.
  • A positive weight mean difference of 1.75 μmol/L (95%CI, 1.26-2.25 μmol/L; p=0.011) was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Increased homocysteine levels may serve as a predictive marker for unfavorable COVID-19 progression.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the role of homocysteine in COVID-19 outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2homocysteinesystematic literature review

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