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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Polychromatic Quantum Dot Array to Compose a Community Signal Ensemble for Multiplexed miRNA Detection.

Tae Won Nam, Yeonkyung Park, Yeon Sik Jung

|June 15, 2022

Summary

We developed a polychromatic quantum dot array (PQDA) for precise, multiplexed miRNA quantification. This novel biosensor achieves femtomolar sensitivity and reliably detects cancer-specific miRNAs in complex samples.

Keywords:

duplex-specific nuclease miRNA detection multiplexing quantum dot transfer printing

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Probe-based Real-time PCR Approaches for Quantitative Measurement of microRNAs

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Probe-based Real-time PCR Approaches for Quantitative Measurement of microRNAs

Probe-based Real-time PCR Approaches for Quantitative Measurement of microRNAs

Published on: April 14, 2015

Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Biotechnology
Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial biomarkers for various diseases, including cancer.
Accurate and sensitive quantification of miRNAs in multiplexed formats is essential for diagnostics.
Existing methods face challenges in sensitivity, specificity, and multiplexing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel polychromatic quantum dot array (PQDA) for highly sensitive and multiplexed miRNA quantification.
To establish a community signal ensemble approach for miRNA detection.
To demonstrate the diagnostic utility of the PQDA in identifying cancer-specific miRNAs.

Main Methods:

Manufacturing of PQDA using advanced multicomponent ultrahigh-resolution patterning (capsulation-assisted transfer printing and self-assembly-based PMMA patterning).
Utilizing duplex-specific nuclease (DSN) activity to discharge target miRNA-specific fluorescent quantum dots (QDs).
Analysis of the community signal ensemble generated by discharged QD profiles for miRNA identification.

Main Results:

Achieved highly specific miRNA identification down to a femtomolar level (1.27 fM).
Demonstrated a wide dynamic range of up to 6 orders of magnitude.
Successfully identified breast cancer-specific miRNAs from heterogeneous cancer cell lysates, showcasing practical diagnostic capability.

Conclusions:

The developed PQDA enables accurate and precise multiplexed quantification of miRNAs.
The community signal ensemble strategy offers a sensitive and specific approach for miRNA detection.
This technology holds significant potential for early cancer diagnosis and biomarker discovery.