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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Area of Science:

  • Fundamental Physics
  • Quantum Electrodynamics (QED)
  • Atomic Physics

Background:

  • Quantum electrodynamics (QED) is a cornerstone of physics, validated by experiments.
  • Measuring the electron's g factor in highly charged ions tests the Standard Model in extreme fields.
  • Isotope difference studies in QED cancel common contributions, highlighting nuclear effects, but face experimental precision limits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel measurement technique for probing QED effects with enhanced precision.
  • To overcome experimental limitations in measuring isotopic shifts of bound-electron g factors.
  • To directly measure the difference in g factors between two highly charged ions.

Main Methods:

  • Co-trapping two highly charged ions in a Penning trap.
  • Employing a dual Ramsey-type measurement scheme.
  • Locking ions on a common magnetron orbit to extract spin precession frequency differences.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 0.56-parts-per-trillion precision for the isotopic shift of the bound-electron g factor in 20Ne9+ and 22Ne9+.
  • Improved measurement precision by two orders of magnitude compared to previous techniques.
  • Resolved the QED contribution to nuclear recoil with high accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The study validates QED theory concerning nuclear recoil effects.
  • The novel technique provides an improved method for testing fundamental physics.
  • Offers a new avenue for setting constraints on physics beyond the Standard Model.