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Peroxiredoxin 4 Interacts With Domeless and Participates in Antibacterial Immune Response Through the JAK/STAT

Xiao-Qin Ran1, Lin Gao1, Meng Yan1

  • 1Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|June 17, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Researchers identified peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4) as a novel enzyme ligand that activates the JAK/STAT pathway in shrimp. This discovery enhances understanding of immune responses in aquatic arthropods against bacterial infections.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Crustacean Research

Background:

  • The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is crucial for animal development and immunity.
  • While cytokine/growth factors activate this pathway in vertebrates, activators in arthropods remain largely unidentified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel activators of the JAK/STAT pathway in the shrimp *Marsupenaeus japonicus*.
  • To elucidate the role of peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4) in shrimp immunity and JAK/STAT pathway activation.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated Prx4 expression and secretion upon *Vibrio* challenge.
  • Utilized immunoprecipitation and protein pull-down assays to confirm Prx4-Domeless interaction.
  • Performed *in vivo* experiments to block Prx4 expression and assess pathway activation.

Main Results:

  • Prx4 is secreted extracellularly upon *Vibrio* infection, activating shrimp anti-Vibrio immunity.
  • Prx4 triggers JAK/STAT pathway components (STAT phosphorylation and nuclear translocation) and antimicrobial peptide expression.
  • Blocking Prx4 *in vivo* inhibited JAK/STAT activation; Prx4 injection activated the pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4) acts as a novel enzyme-type ligand for the Domeless receptor in the JAK/STAT pathway.
  • Identified critical cysteine residues in Prx4 and the binding site on Domeless, revealing mechanisms of interaction.
  • Established a new enzyme-ligand interaction for JAK/STAT pathway activation in aquatic arthropods, highlighting Prx4's immune function.
Keywords:
DomelessJAK/STATMarsupenaeus japonicusVibrio anguillarumantimicrobial peptideperoxiredoxin 4

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