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COVID-19 and Preexisting Comorbidities: Risks, Synergies, and Clinical Outcomes.

Banafsheh Bigdelou¹, Mohammad Reza Sepand¹, Sahar Najafikhoshnoo^2,3,4

¹Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, United States.

Frontiers in Immunology

|June 17, 2022

Summary

The review examines how co-existing diseases, like cardiovascular disease and diabetes, increase severe outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Understanding these interactions is crucial for managing patients with comorbidities during the pandemic.

Keywords:

COVID-19 cancer cardiovascular disease coronavirus disease 2019 diabetes immune responses treatment implications

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Published on: September 28, 2022

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Immunology
Pathology

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to widespread illness and mortality.
A significant percentage of COVID-19 patients experience severe symptoms and complications.
Pre-existing conditions such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes are linked to increased COVID-19 severity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the signaling pathways involved in the interaction between COVID-19 and comorbid diseases.
To emphasize the clinical and molecular implications of comorbidities on COVID-19 outcomes.
To highlight the need for further research into managing COVID-19 patients with comorbidities.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing studies on COVID-19 and comorbidities.
Analysis of signaling pathways and immune responses in coinfection.
Synthesis of clinical and molecular data.

Main Results:

Comorbidities modulate host-viral interactions and immune responses, leading to more severe COVID-19.
Specific signaling pathways are implicated at the interface of COVID-19 and common diseases.
Evidence suggests a link between comorbidities and increased risk of severe infection and mortality.

Conclusions:

Co-existing diseases significantly increase vulnerability to severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Understanding these complex interactions is essential for patient management.
Further research is required to develop optimal treatment strategies for COVID-19 patients with comorbidities.