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Brevibacterium casei Induced Peritonitis in a Patient Undergoing Continuous Cycler Peritoneal Dialysis: Case Report

Sasmit Roy1, Amarinder S Garcha2, Sumit S Patel3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Centra Lynchburg General Hospital, 1901 Tate Springs Road, Lynchburg, VA 24501, USA.

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives
|June 17, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Brevibacterium casei peritonitis is rare in peritoneal dialysis patients. This case highlights successful treatment with antibiotics alone, avoiding dialysis changes.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Peritonitis is a serious complication for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD).
  • Brevibacterium species, particularly Brevibacterium casei, are extremely rare causes of PD-associated peritonitis.
  • Previous reported cases necessitated surgical intervention and changes in dialysis modality.

Observation:

  • A 63-year-old male on home PD presented with clinical signs of peritonitis.
  • Diagnosis confirmed Brevibacterium casei infection.
  • The patient received broad-spectrum intraperitoneal antibiotics.

Findings:

  • Unlike previous reports, this patient did not require PD catheter removal.
  • Full recovery was achieved within three weeks of targeted intraperitoneal antibiotic therapy.
  • This case represents a successful non-surgical management of B. casei peritonitis.

Implications:

  • Brevibacterium casei peritonitis, though rare, is treatable with prolonged intraperitoneal antibiotics.
  • Clinician awareness and vigilant monitoring are crucial for managing such infections.
  • Conservative management may be possible, potentially avoiding dialysis modality shifts.
Keywords:
Atypical microorganismBrevibacterium caseiBrevibacterium speciesEnd-stage renal diseasePeritoneal dialysisPeritonitis

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