Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

51.1K
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
51.1K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

13.4K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
13.4K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

8.7K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
8.7K
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

2.6K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
2.6K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

3.3K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
3.3K
Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters01:29

Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters

10.7K
When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of...
10.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Breastfeeding Practices and Barriers to Breastfeeding Among Micrographic Dermatologic Surgeons.

Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]·2026
Same author

MANF safeguards mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane integrity in nucleus pulposus-derived mesenchymal stem cells to maintain homeostasis of the intervertebral disc.

Cell biology and toxicology·2026
Same author

Regional Biomechanical and Topographic Changes after Transepithelial vs. Epithelium-off Continuous Accelerated Corneal Cross-linking in Keratoconus: Updated Stress-Strain Index as a Superior Biomarker.

Ophthalmology science·2026
Same author

Tau knockout mitigates long-term cognitive impairment following neonatal sepsis via mechanisms involving dendritic structural remodelling and adult hippocampal neurogenesis.

Journal of neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

Toward sustainable valorization of red mud: environmental durability and service-life modelling of geopolymers under coupled saline and wet-dry cycling conditions.

Journal of environmental management·2026
Same author

Whole-genome sequencing reveals molecular characterization of carbapenem-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> clinical isolates from a third-tier general hospital in southwest China.

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 7, 2025

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Identification of Multiple Phosphorylations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
12:47

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Identification of Multiple Phosphorylations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Published on: December 27, 2016

19.0K

Tau Acts in Concert With Kinase/Phosphatase Underlying Synaptic Dysfunction.

Xing Fan1, Liye Xia1, Zheng Zhou1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|June 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Synaptic tau is vital in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. This review explores tau phosphorylation, kinases, and phosphatases, offering new therapeutic perspectives for AD treatment.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseasekinasephosphatasesynaptic dysfunctiontau

More Related Videos

Assay for Phosphorylation and Microtubule Binding Along with Localization of Tau Protein in Colorectal Cancer Cells
12:55

Assay for Phosphorylation and Microtubule Binding Along with Localization of Tau Protein in Colorectal Cancer Cells

Published on: October 10, 2017

9.0K
In Vitro Aggregation Assays Using Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein
09:22

In Vitro Aggregation Assays Using Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein

Published on: January 2, 2015

18.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 7, 2025

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Identification of Multiple Phosphorylations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
12:47

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Identification of Multiple Phosphorylations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Published on: December 27, 2016

19.0K
Assay for Phosphorylation and Microtubule Binding Along with Localization of Tau Protein in Colorectal Cancer Cells
12:55

Assay for Phosphorylation and Microtubule Binding Along with Localization of Tau Protein in Colorectal Cancer Cells

Published on: October 10, 2017

9.0K
In Vitro Aggregation Assays Using Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein
09:22

In Vitro Aggregation Assays Using Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein

Published on: January 2, 2015

18.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pathology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) from tau protein and amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation.
  • Synaptic tau is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in early AD pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of tau phosphorylation in synaptic plasticity and dendritic localization.
  • To examine kinases and phosphatases involved in synaptic tau function.
  • To explore synergistic effects on tau-associated synaptic deficits and propose new AD treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on tau phosphorylation, kinases, phosphatases, and synaptic plasticity.
  • Analysis of evidence linking synaptic tau to AD pathogenesis.
  • Synthesis of findings to identify therapeutic targets.

Main Results:

  • Tau phosphorylation is crucial for tau's dendritic localization and synaptic plasticity.
  • Specific kinases and phosphatases regulate synaptic tau function.
  • Dysregulation of these enzymes contributes to tau-associated synaptic deficits in AD.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting tau phosphorylation and its regulatory enzymes offers a promising therapeutic avenue for Alzheimer's disease.
  • Understanding synaptic tau's role is key to developing effective AD treatments.