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Updated: Sep 7, 2025
Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
Published on: February 9, 2022
Lung Function Reference Equations for Indian Ethnic Groups Based on a Handheld Forced Oscillation Device for Age 9-19
Mohit Aggarwal1,2, Neerja Mittal Garg3,2, Anurag Agrawal4,5
1CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110007, India.
Objective:
To develop regression equations to predict forced oscillation technique (FOT) parameters in Indian children and adolescents.
Methods:
Lung function was assessed in a multigeographic cohort of residential school children using a portable FOT-based device (PulmoScan) and spirometry. FOT measurements were performed in 1497 study participants, aged 9-19 y, from 8 Indian districts. Bland-Altman analysis was performed for additional 32 adult subjects to compare the results of PulmoScan to a standard IOS device in an outpatient setting. Reference equations were developed for Rrs and Xrs from the data of healthy subjects with normal spirometry using multivariate regression model for Indo-European, Dravidian, and mixed ethnic groups.
Results:
X5 (bias = 0.02) showed a better agreement than resistance parameters (R5 bias = 0.75, R20 bias = -0.22) in IOS/PulmoScan comparison. Anthropometric variables (age, height, and weight) were positively correlated with reactance (X5) and negatively with resistance parameters (R5, R10, R15, and R20), with most associations being stronger in boys. Final regression model considered ethnicity as a key determinant along with anthropometry.
Conclusion:
Multiethnic reference equations were developed for Indian children aged 9-19 y based on a novel handheld FOT device.
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