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Is Psychological Science Self-Correcting? Citations Before and After Successful and Failed Replications
1LBJ School of Public Affairs, University of Texas, Austin.
Replication attempts, even failures, minimally impact the citation counts of original psychology studies. Enhancing discoverability of replication studies is recommended to increase their influence.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Scientific Methodology
Background:
- Successful scientific replications should enhance research credibility, while failed replications should reduce it.
- The actual impact of replication outcomes on the influence of scientific research remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how replication attempts affect the citation influence of original psychology research.
- To quantify the impact of successful versus failed replications on study citations.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of citation histories for 98 psychology articles published in 2008.
- Comparison of citation counts for studies with successful replication attempts versus those with failed attempts (published in 2015).
Main Results:
- Failed replications reduced citations of original studies by an average of 5%–9%, a non-significant decrease.
- Less than 3% of citing articles referenced the replication attempts.
- Replication failures had a negligible effect on the influence of nonreplicated findings in psychology.
Conclusions:
- Replication failure does not significantly diminish the citation influence of psychological research.
- Recommendations to increase replication influence include mandatory citation of replication studies and improved database prioritization of replications.
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