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Polyprotic Acids

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Titration of a polyprotic acid, which contains multiple ionizable protons, involves distinct dissociation steps, each with its own dissociation constant (Ka). Each successive Ka is weaker than the previous one. In the titration of a polyprotic acid like sulfurous acid with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide, the base first neutralizes the initial ionizable proton, forming an intermediate species (e.g., hydrogen sulfite ions). This step's titration curve resembles that of a weak...
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Binary Acids and Bases
In the absence of any leveling effect, the acid strength of binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals (A) increases as the H-A bond strength decreases down a group in the periodic table. For group 17, the order of increasing acidity is HF < HCl < HBr < HI. Likewise, for group 16, the order of increasing acid strength is H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te. Across a row in the periodic table, the acid strength of binary hydrogen compounds increases with...
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Ions as Acids and Bases

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Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV
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Polyoxocationic antimony oxide cluster with acidic protons.

Yuki Watanabe1, Kim Hyeon-Deuk2, Takafumi Yamamoto1

  • 1Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate school of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.

Science Advances
|June 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel cationic metal-oxo cluster, HSbOI, featuring a unique structure with acidic properties. This discovery opens new avenues for exploring functional cationic clusters containing heavy main group elements.

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Metal-oxo clusters are vital in research due to their diverse structures and functions.
  • Most known clusters are negatively charged polyoxometalates, with few cationic or functional examples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel, functional cationic metal-oxo cluster.
  • To explore the potential of cationic clusters containing heavy main group elements.

Main Methods:

  • Electron diffraction tomography for initial structural modeling.
  • Powder Rietveld refinement for final structure determination.
  • Characterization of the cationic cluster's surface properties.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized an all-inorganic hydroxyiodide, HSbOI, with a face-centered cubic structure.
  • Identified cationic Sb32O44 clusters and anionic clusters within the HSbOI structure.
  • Demonstrated HSbOI's excellent solid acid catalytic activity due to surface acidic protons.

Conclusions:

  • HSbOI represents a significant advancement in cationic metal-oxo cluster research.
  • The study highlights the potential for functionalizing cationic clusters with heavy main group elements.
  • This work establishes a new direction for exploring and utilizing cationic metal-oxo clusters.