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Low-frequency oscillations link frontal and parietal cortex with subthalamic nucleus in conflicts
Quan Zhang1, Baotian Zhao1, Wolf-Julian Neumann2
1Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, The South Fourth Ring Road, West Road, Fengtai District & No. 119, Beijing 100070, China.
Neuroimage
|June 17, 2022
Summary
Low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) link brain regions involved in cognitive conflict. These LFOs, particularly between the premotor cortex and subthalamic nucleus, are crucial for processing conflict during tasks.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Science
- Neurology
Background:
- Low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) are associated with cognitive conflict.
- The precise role of LFOs in mediating communication between brain regions during conflict processing remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if LFOs mediate functional interactions among the motor cortex (M1), premotor cortex (PMC), and superior parietal lobule (SPL) during cognitive conflict.
- To explore the contribution of LFOs to cognitive conflict processing.
Main Methods:
- Simultaneous electrocorticography (ECoG) of M1, PMC, and SPL, and subthalamic nucleus (STN) local field potentials (LFPs) in 13 Parkinson's disease patients.
- Patients performed the Eriksen flanker task to induce varying levels of cognitive conflict.
- Analysis of LFO power and functional connectivity during low-conflict (congruent) versus high-conflict (incongruent) trials.
Main Results:
- Elevated cue-related LFO activity was observed, with earlier onset in PMC and SPL.
- LFO power increased more in PMC, M1, and STN during high-conflict trials compared to low-conflict trials.
- Increased functional connectivity between PMC and STN correlated with response time, and STN-to-PMC Granger causality was enhanced during high-conflict conditions.
Conclusions:
- LFOs serve as a mechanism linking frontal and parietal cortices with the STN during cognitive conflict.
- The ipsilateral premotor cortex-STN connection, mediated by LFOs, plays a specific role in cognitive conflict processing.
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