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T Cell Senescence by Extensive Phenotyping: An Emerging Feature of COVID-19 Severity
Jenny Zuin1, Paola Fogar1, Giulia Musso1,2
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Padova University-Hospital, Padova, Italy.
Objective:
To identify the potential prognostic value of lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients, where lymphopenia is a common finding.
Methods:
In 353 COVID-19 inpatients and 40 controls T cell subsets with markers of senescence and exhaustion were studied by flow cytometry.
Results:
In severe illness, total lymphocytes B, NK, and all T subsets were dampened. Senescent CD4+, but mainly CD8+ T cells, increased in patients with respect to controls. The most significant index predicting fatal outcome was neutrophils/CD3+ T ratio.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, an altered T cell pattern underlies COVID-19 severity and is involved in predicting the outcome.
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