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Inflammaging and Osteoarthritis.

Francesca Motta1,2, Elisa Barone1,2, Antonio Sica1,3

  • 1Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|June 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammaging, a chronic inflammation linked to aging, significantly contributes to osteoarthritis (OA) development. Understanding these pathways may reveal new therapeutic targets for OA prevention and management.

Keywords:
Cartilage failureDegenerative joint painFrailtySenior

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease, particularly in older adults.
  • Recent understanding views OA as a dynamic process involving inflammatory mediators from joint tissues, not just cartilage degradation.
  • Inflammaging, a chronic, low-grade sterile inflammation associated with aging, is increasingly recognized as a factor in age-related diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively evaluate the current literature on the role of inflammaging in osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
  • To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies targeting inflammaging pathways for OA management and prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and evaluation of existing scientific literature.
  • Analysis of the interplay between aging, inflammation, and osteoarthritis development.
  • Identification of key molecular and cellular mechanisms involved.

Main Results:

  • Inflammaging drives OA by promoting cartilage degradation through elevated inflammatory cytokines and senescent molecules.
  • Both innate and adaptive immune responses are implicated, with inflammasome activation and altered B and T lymphocyte function contributing to joint damage.
  • Self-reactivity due to changes in lymphocyte populations may exacerbate joint damage in OA.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammaging is a critical factor in osteoarthritis development, involving complex immune responses and cellular senescence.
  • Identifying and targeting inflammaging pathways presents promising therapeutic avenues for osteoarthritis.
  • Further research into these pathogenic mechanisms could lead to novel prevention and treatment strategies for OA.