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Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Death after Venous Thromboembolism: Results from a Prospective Cohort Study

Steve Raoul Noumegni1,2, Vincent Mansourati1,3, Cécile Tromeur1,2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Vascular Medicine and Pneumology, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France.

Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|June 18, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) face higher cardiovascular death risks. Key factors include age, cancer, unprovoked VTE, tobacco use, hypertension, heart failure, respiratory failure, and atrial fibrillation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular deaths (CVDTs) are more prevalent in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared to the general population.
  • Specific risk factors for CVDTs in VTE patients remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and describe the risk factors associated with cardiovascular deaths (CVDTs) in patients diagnosed with venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted.
  • Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard models were employed to analyze the data.
  • The study included 3,988 patients with a median follow-up of 5 years.

Main Results:

  • Over 5 years, 10.7% of patients experienced CVDTs.
  • Significant risk factors identified include advanced age, cancer-associated VTE, unprovoked VTE, past and current tobacco use, hypertension, chronic heart failure, chronic respiratory failure, and atrial fibrillation.
  • Direct oral anticoagulants and treatment duration exceeding 3 months were associated with reduced CVDT risk.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular death risk in VTE patients is influenced by traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
  • VTE characteristics and patient comorbidities are also significant contributors to CVDT risk.
  • Understanding these factors can inform preventative strategies and improve outcomes for VTE patients.
Abstract

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