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Caspase-mediated regulation of the distinct signaling pathways and mechanisms in neuronal survival

Heena Khan1, Annu Bangar1, Amarjot Kaur Grewal1

  • 1Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401 Punjab, India.

International Immunopharmacology
|June 19, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Caspases play a key role in programmed cell death (apoptosis) and are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Developing effective caspase inhibitors for neurological disorders remains a significant therapeutic challenge.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Caspases are crucial enzymes regulating programmed cell death (apoptosis), essential for cellular homeostasis and development.
  • Dysregulated apoptosis contributes to various pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Targeting caspases with inhibitors is a therapeutic strategy, but no approved drugs currently exist for caspase inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of caspases in neuronal disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
  • To review upstream mechanisms activating caspases in neurodegeneration.
  • To discuss the progress and challenges in developing caspase inhibitors for neurological indications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on caspases in neurodegeneration.
  • Analysis of upstream signaling pathways associated with caspase activation.
  • Evaluation of current advancements in caspase inhibitor development.

Main Results:

  • Caspases are significantly involved in the pathogenesis of numerous neuronal disorders.
  • Specific upstream mechanisms driving caspase activation in neurodegenerative conditions have been identified.
  • Progress in generating caspase inhibitors shows promise, yet faces developmental hurdles for clinical application.

Conclusions:

  • Caspase dysregulation is a critical factor in neurodegenerative disease progression.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in developing effective caspase-inhibiting therapeutics for neurological indications.
Keywords:
Apoptosis activationCaspasesEndoplasmic reticulum stressMitochondrial dysfunctionNeuronal injury

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