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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 7, 2025

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells
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Adult-onset type 1 diabetes: A changing perspective.

J Burahmah1, D Zheng1, R D Leslie1

  • 1Blizard Institute, Queen Mary, London, UK.

European Journal of Internal Medicine
|June 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Type 1 diabetes often begins in adulthood, not childhood, and may not initially need insulin. Adult-onset Type 1 diabetes is frequently misdiagnosed as Type 2 diabetes, requiring careful diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diabetesDiabetesImmunogeneticsTreatmentType 1 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is commonly perceived as a childhood disease, but adult-onset T1D is increasingly recognized.
  • A significant number of adult-onset T1D cases are initially misclassified as Type 2 diabetes.
  • Recent research highlights the prevalence and diagnostic challenges of adult-onset T1D.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on adult-onset Type 1 diabetes.
  • To compare adult-onset T1D with childhood-onset T1D regarding epidemiology, genetics, and clinical presentation.
  • To discuss diagnostic criteria, management strategies, and psychosocial aspects of adult-onset T1D.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on adult-onset Type 1 diabetes.
  • Analysis of epidemiological and genetic data.
  • Examination of diagnostic challenges and management approaches.

Main Results:

  • Adult-onset T1D is prevalent and often initially misdiagnosed.
  • Similarities and differences exist between adult-onset and childhood-onset T1D.
  • Diagnostic criteria and management require specific consideration for adult-onset T1D.

Conclusions:

  • Adult-onset Type 1 diabetes is a significant clinical entity often misdiagnosed as Type 2 diabetes.
  • Accurate diagnosis and tailored management are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Addressing psychosocial challenges is an integral part of comprehensive care for T1D patients.