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Related Concept Videos

Determination01:51

Determination

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
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Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 7, 2025

Analysis of Neural Crest Migration and Differentiation by Cross-species Transplantation
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Neural crest cells as a source of microevolutionary variation.

A Allyson Brandon1, Daniela Almeida1, Kara E Powder1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
|June 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Neural crest cells, a vertebrate innovation, drive diverse traits like craniofacial features and behaviors. Understanding their developmental role is key to explaining vertebrate diversity and adaptation in wild populations.

Keywords:
AdaptationMicroevolutionMorphological variationNeural crest cell

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Comparative Genomics

Background:

  • Neural crest cells are a vertebrate-specific embryonic lineage.
  • They are a multipotent source for diverse cell types, contributing to complex traits.
  • Their role in adaptation in wild populations is less understood than in disease or domestication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the contribution of neural crest cell development to phenotypic diversity in nature.
  • To highlight traits under natural and sexual selection originating from neural crest cells.
  • To emphasize the role of neural crest cells in behavioral adaptations, including communication.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on developmental biology and evolutionary ecology.
  • Analysis of traits influenced by neural crest cell variation.
  • Integration of data from molecular genetics and developmental studies.

Main Results:

  • Variation in neural crest development generates significant phenotypic diversity in vertebrates.
  • Neural crest derivatives are implicated in a wide range of traits, including morphology, pigmentation, and behavior.
  • Behavioral traits, such as intraspecies communication, may originate from neural crest variation.

Conclusions:

  • Neural crest cells are crucial for generating vertebrate diversity and adaptive evolution.
  • Integrating developmental biology with evolutionary ecology is essential for understanding neural crest cell roles.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the impact of neural crest cells on trait covariation and evolutionary trajectories.