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The moisture content of aggregates is a crucial factor in construction, particularly in concrete mixing, as it influences the total water required in the mix. Moisture content represents the water coated on the exterior surface of the aggregate existing in a saturated and surface-dry condition. The total water content of a moist aggregate is the sum of its moisture content and water absorption.
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When hardened concrete is exposed to air with a relative humidity of less than 100 percent, it begins to lose the free water within its capillaries. As this water evaporates, the water initially adsorbed onto the calcium silicate hydrates migrates towards these now empty spaces and eventually evaporates as well. Over time, as more water leaves, the volume of the concrete decreases, a phenomenon known as drying shrinkage.
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Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
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Seasoning of wood is a crucial process aimed at reducing and stabilizing the moisture content within the wood to prevent future shrinkage, structural damage, or aesthetic issues once the wood is used in construction. Wood naturally swells when it absorbs moisture and contracts as it dries.
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Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports
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Seed Moisture Isotherms, Sorption Models, and Longevity.

Fiona R Hay1, Shabnam Rezaei1, Julia Buitink2

  • 1Department of Agroecology, University of Aarhus, Slagelse, Denmark.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|June 20, 2022
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Summary

Seed moisture sorption isotherms reveal how drying and storage conditions impact seed longevity. Understanding these water-binding properties is crucial for preserving seed viability and optimizing storage.

Keywords:
equilibrium relative humidity (eRH)isothermmoisture contentseed longevitystorage stability

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Food Science
  • Plant Physiology

Background:

  • Seed moisture sorption isotherms describe the equilibrium between water content and relative humidity during water loss (desorption) or gain (adsorption).
  • These isotherms are vital in food science for predicting product stability and optimizing drying processes.
  • Applications extend to understanding seed physiology, including developmental maturity, desiccation tolerance, and dormancy.

Approach:

  • This review details how sorption isotherms elucidate the relationship between seed drying methods, storage conditions, and seed longevity.
  • It outlines various methods for determining isotherms and discusses the modeling of isotherm data using theoretical and non-theoretical equations.
  • Interpretation of isotherm data for assessing storage stability is also covered.

Key Points:

  • Sorption isotherms provide insights into seed water relations.
  • Understanding these relationships is key to managing seed longevity.
  • Methods for determination, data modeling, and interpretation are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Sorption isotherm analysis is a powerful tool for understanding seed behavior under different environmental conditions.
  • This knowledge is critical for developing effective seed drying and storage strategies to ensure long-term viability.
  • The review synthesizes current understanding and methodologies for applying sorption isotherms in seed science.