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Explaining racial/ethnic and socioeconomic differences in COVID protective behavior
Raymond Swisher1, Ginny Garcia-Alexander1, Lynne Cossman2
1Department of Sociology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
SSM - Population Health
|June 20, 2022
Summary
COVID-19 health behaviors varied by race and socioeconomic status. Vaccination disparities were prominent, with minority and lower-income groups showing lower uptake, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Disparities
- Epidemiology
Background:
- COVID-19 disproportionately affected minority and lower socioeconomic status (SES) communities.
- Understanding health promotion behavior differences is crucial for effective public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine COVID-19 health promotion behavior differences across racial, ethnic, and SES subgroups.
- To assess the robustness of these differences to controls for other health disparities.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Community, Health and Politics Study (CHAPS 2021).
- Analyzed differences in mask wearing, social distancing, and vaccination status.
- Controlled for factors like insurance, health conditions, personal exposure, and perceived threat.
Main Results:
- Fewer disparities observed for masking and social distancing, aligning with fundamental cause and disease stage theories.
- Significant disparities in vaccination outcomes were prominent.
- Racial/ethnic minorities, lower education, and lower income groups had lower vaccination odds.
- Private insurance and older age were associated with higher vaccination odds.
- Higher perceived COVID-19 threat increased likelihood of protective behaviors.
Conclusions:
- Disparities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake persist among socially disadvantaged communities.
- Targeted interventions are necessary to increase vaccination rates in these populations.
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