Morphological Structure and Basic Characteristics of Miscanthus floridulus Fibers

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Textile Engineering
• Biomass Utilization

Background:

• Miscanthus floridulus is a perennial grass native to Africa and Asia.
• Extensive research exists on the biological and ecological aspects of M. floridulus.
• Limited literature is available on the specific properties and applications of M. floridulus fibers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the under-explored M. floridulus fibers for potential applications.
• To characterize the morphological, physical, chemical, and thermal properties of M. floridulus fibers.
• To evaluate the surface absorption characteristics of M. floridulus fibers.

Main Methods:

• Morphological analysis of M. floridulus fibers.
• Determination of physical properties (e.g., density).
• Chemical composition analysis (cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, pectin, wax).
• Evaluation of thermal insulation and warmth retention.
• Measurement of surface properties (hydrophobicity, lipophilicity) using contact angle measurements.

Main Results:

• M. floridulus fibers are fine, short, and possess a hollow structure with a density of 0.67 g cm⁻³.
• The primary chemical constituents are cellulose (66.98%), hemicelluloses (13.86%), and lignin (6.97%).
• The fiber exhibits fill power and warmth retention comparable to wool.
• The fiber surface demonstrates significant hydrophobic and lipophilic properties, with a water contact angle of 123.7°.

Conclusions:

• M. floridulus fibers possess unique properties suitable for various applications.
• The thermal insulation and hydrophobic characteristics suggest potential in bulk textile thermal insulation.
• The lipophilic nature indicates promise for oil-water separation technologies.
• Further research into M. floridulus fiber applications is warranted.