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Updated: Sep 7, 2025

Quantifying the Heterogeneous Distribution of a Synaptic Protein in the Mouse Brain Using Immunofluorescence
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Quantification of a Neurological Protein in a Single Cell Without Amplification.

Donggyu Lee1, Youngsik Woo1, Ji-Seon Lim2

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.

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|June 20, 2022
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Summary

This study quantifies the neurological protein DISC1 in single cells using atomic force microscopy (AFM). This method enables precise protein analysis for deeper biological insights and improved disease diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Proteins are crucial biomolecules involved in numerous biological functions and serve as disease biomarkers.
  • Quantifying proteins at the single-cell level is essential for advancing our understanding of cellular processes and disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply atomic force microscopy (AFM) for the precise quantification of neurological proteins within individual cells.
  • To investigate the expression levels of specifically disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) protein in single cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) for high-resolution imaging and force mapping.
  • Immobilized antibodies specific to DISC1 onto a microspot for targeted protein capture.
  • Performed force mapping on single cells to visualize and quantify individual DISC1 molecules.

Main Results:

  • Successfully visualized and quantified DISC1 protein at the single-cell level.
  • Observed significant variation in DISC1 numbers across individual cells.
  • Determined an average DISC1 count of 4.38 × 10^3 per cell, consistent with ensemble-averaged data.

Conclusions:

  • The developed AFM approach enables quantitative analysis of proteins in single cells.
  • This technique offers potential for in-depth studies of protein behavior and cellular responses.
  • The method can advance the diagnosis of diseases and cellular abnormalities by analyzing individual cell physiology.