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Pre-infarction Angina: Time Interval to Onset of Myocardial Infarction and Comorbidity Predictors

Yohei Sotomi1, Yasunori Ueda2, Shungo Hikoso1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|June 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Nearly half of acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients experienced pre-infarction angina. Key comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia increase the likelihood of experiencing this critical warning sign before MI.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of mortality.
  • Identifying prodromal symptoms like pre-infarction angina is crucial for patient education and intervention.
  • Understanding the predictors of pre-infarction angina can aid in risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of pre-infarction angina in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (MI).
  • To identify comorbidities that predict the occurrence of pre-infarction angina before MI onset.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, multicenter observational registry of 12,093 MI patients from 1998 to 2014.
  • Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of pre-infarction angina.
  • Pre-infarction angina was defined as chest pain within 1 month before MI onset, lasting less than 30 minutes.

Main Results:

  • 11,117 patients were analyzed after data exclusion.
  • 48.8% of patients experienced pre-infarction angina before MI onset.
  • Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and a family history of MI were associated with a higher probability of pre-infarction angina. Elderly patients and those with cerebrovascular disease history were less likely to experience it.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-infarction angina is a common symptom preceding acute myocardial infarction in nearly half of patients.
  • Specific comorbidities significantly increase the risk of experiencing pre-infarction angina.
  • These findings highlight the importance of recognizing pre-infarction angina for timely intervention and patient education to reduce MI mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
acute myocardial infarctionpre-infarction anginapreventionpublic educationreal-world

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