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Human amniotic fluid stem cell therapy can help regain bladder function in type 2 diabetic rats.

Ching-Chung Liang1, Steven W Shaw2, Yung-Hsin Huang1

  • 1Female Urology Section, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.

World Journal of Stem Cells
|June 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) and insulin therapy helped regain bladder function in diabetic rats. However, only insulin therapy fully recovered bladder dysfunction caused by diabetes mellitus (DM).

Keywords:
Amniotic fluidBladder dysfunctionDiabetesInsulinStem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Diabetology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) presents a significant global health challenge, with a high prevalence of micturition problems like urinary incontinence and poor bladder emptying.
  • Diabetic bladder dysfunction often shows resistance to existing treatments, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) in treating bladder dysfunction in a type 2 diabetic rat model.
  • To compare the effects of hAFSCs and insulin on bladder function and related biomarkers in diabetic rats.

Main Methods:

  • A type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) rat model was established using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin.
  • Rats were divided into control, DM, DM + insulin, and DM + hAFSCs groups.
  • Conscious cystometry, immunohistochemistry, and mRNA expression analysis were performed to assess bladder function, muscarinic receptors, nerve growth factor (NGF), and pancreatic beta-cell markers.

Main Results:

  • Insulin treatment, but not hAFSCs, significantly improved voided volume and reduced bladder weight in DM rats.
  • Both insulin and hAFSCs treatments helped restore blood glucose and bladder function towards control levels.
  • DM rats showed decreased expression of muscarinic receptors, NGF, and pancreatic beta-cell markers, which were partially restored by both insulin and hAFSCs treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin therapy effectively recovered bladder dysfunction in diabetic rats, while hAFSCs showed a partial recovery.
  • Both hAFSCs and insulin treatments contributed to restoring bladder function and relevant molecular markers towards normal levels in the diabetic model.