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The Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis: A New Frontier on Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Sarha A L Queiroz1, Alyne M M Ton1, Thiago M C Pereira1,2
1Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, Brazil.
Frontiers in Psychiatry
|June 20, 2022
Summary
This review explores the gut-brain-microbiota axis and its connection to Alzheimer's disease (AD). It highlights how gut health, brain function, and psychiatric factors influence AD progression, offering insights into novel therapeutic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Microbiology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder impacting cognition and global healthcare.
- Key pathological hallmarks include amyloid-β plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation.
- Aging is a primary risk factor, increasing AD prevalence with rising life expectancy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding the gut-brain-microbiota axis in Alzheimer's disease.
- To explore the role of psychiatric factors interacting with the gut-brain-microbiota axis in AD.
- To identify potential new therapeutic targets for slowing AD progression.
Main Methods:
- Review of "omics"-based research, focusing on gut microbiota interactions.
- Analysis of studies investigating the blood-brain barrier and brain compartments.
- Integration of findings on psychiatric symptoms and their relation to the gut-brain axis.
Main Results:
- The gut-brain-microbiota axis significantly influences AD pathogenesis.
- Alterations in gut microbiota composition are linked to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline.
- Psychiatric factors represent an understudied but crucial component of the gut-brain axis in AD.
Conclusions:
- Targeting the gut-brain-microbiota axis offers promising therapeutic avenues for Alzheimer's disease.
- Understanding the interplay between gut health, brain integrity, and mental health is vital for AD management.
- Further research into the psychiatric dimensions of the gut-brain axis is warranted for comprehensive AD treatment strategies.
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