Geographical origin traceability of Sengcu rice using elemental markers and multivariate analysis

Multi-element analysis combined with chemometric method has been used to investigate the distinguish between Sengcu rice and other types of rice origins in Vietnam. In Sengcu rice, As, Ba Sr, Pb, Ca, Se were confirmed as the key elements for geographical traceability among three fields of Lao Cai, whereas Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Ag, As were major factors to distinguish between Sengcu and other types of rice. Based on linear discriminant analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis model, overall correct identification rates distinguishing between Sengcu and other types of rice were approximately 100% in both training and validation test. Moreover, to distinguish geographical origin of Sengcu rice samples, these rates vary from 80% to 99%. These results suggest the presence of food adulteration illustrated in the latter.