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Developmental defects of enamel among Slovenian asthmatic children

T Samec1, J Jan1

  • 1Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.

European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry
|June 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children with asthma have a higher prevalence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) on permanent teeth. These dental issues are linked to asthma itself, not its treatment, necessitating specialized dental care for asthmatic children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Dental Public Health

Background:

  • Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition in children.
  • Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) are a concern in pediatric dental health.
  • Previous research on asthma's impact on DDE prevalence is inconclusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of childhood asthma on DDE prevalence.
  • To examine general and asthma-specific factors associated with DDE in asthmatic children.
  • To compare DDE prevalence between asthmatic children and healthy siblings.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study design involving 446 asthmatic children (aged 2-17) and 140 healthy siblings.
  • Utilized the DDE index to assess defects in primary and permanent teeth.
  • Collected data on confounding factors via parental questionnaires and medical records.

Main Results:

  • Asthmatic children exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of DDE on permanent teeth compared to healthy controls.
  • DDE prevalence was more strongly associated with asthma disease factors than with asthma medication use.
  • Identified a need for tailored dental care strategies for children with asthma.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood asthma is associated with an increased risk of developmental defects of enamel.
  • The underlying disease, rather than its treatment, appears to be the primary driver of DDE in asthmatic children.
  • Asthmatic children require specific dental management protocols to mitigate dental substance loss.
Abstract

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