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Updated: Sep 7, 2025

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Motion-Based Ground Reaction Forces and Moments Prediction Method for Interaction With a Moving and/or Non-Horizontal

Louise Demestre1, Pauline Morin1, François May1

  • 1IRISA - UMR 6074, Univ Rennes, Rennes 35000, France.

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
|June 20, 2022
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Summary

This study validates a new motion-based method for predicting ground reaction forces and moments (GRF&Ms) during human movement on moving structures. The enhanced prediction method accurately estimates forces and moments, improving biomechanical analysis in real-world conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Motion Analysis
  • Applied Physics

Background:

  • Inverse dynamics is crucial for biomechanical analysis but relies on external force data.
  • Force platforms are limited in ecological validity; motion-based prediction offers a solution.
  • Existing methods struggle with interactions involving moving or non-horizontal structures (MNHS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of an improved optimization-based method for predicting ground reaction forces and moments (GRF&Ms).
  • To adapt GRF&Ms prediction for interactions with moving and/or non-horizontal structures (MNHS).
  • To enhance contact detection for MNHS interactions in motion-based GRF&Ms prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and modified an optimization-based algorithm for GRF&Ms prediction.
  • Implemented improved contact detection for moving and/or non-horizontal structures (MNHS).
  • Collected motion capture and GRF&Ms data from 20 subjects performing squats and steps on an instrumented moving structure.

Main Results:

  • The modified method demonstrated comparable accuracy to the original method.
  • Root-mean-square errors (normalized by body mass) were within an acceptable range for all force and moment components.
  • Specific errors: 0.14 N/kg (AP), 0.29 N/kg (ML), 0.61 N/kg (L); 0.06 Nm/kg (Frontal), 0.13 Nm/kg (Sagittal), 0.03 Nm/kg (Transverse).

Conclusions:

  • The enhanced motion-based GRF&Ms prediction method is suitable for analyzing human motion on moving and/or non-horizontal structures (MNHS).
  • This advancement allows for more ecologically valid biomechanical studies in complex environments.
  • The improved contact detection is key to the method's success with MNHS.