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Transcriptome study digs out BMP2 involved in adipogenesis in sheep tails.

Meilin Jin1,2, Xiaojuan Fei1, Taotao Li1

  • 1Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.

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|June 20, 2022
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Summary

Researchers identified key genes regulating fat metabolism in sheep. This study enhances understanding of adipogenesis (fat development) and provides insights into fat tail development in different sheep breeds.

Keywords:
AdipogenesisBMP2Fat-tailed sheepPreadipocytesTranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Genetics and Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Hu sheep (fat tails) and Tibetan sheep (thin tails) exhibit distinct tail phenotypes.
  • Previous transcriptome studies identified varying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across sheep breeds for tail characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with fat tail development in Hu versus Tibetan sheep.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms regulating adipogenesis and fat metabolism in sheep.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing was performed on Hu and Tibetan sheep.
  • Bioinformatic analyses (GO, KEGG) were used to identify and analyze DEGs.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) validated gene expression.
  • BMP2 overexpression experiments in preadipocytes assessed its role in adipogenesis.

Main Results:

  • 2108 DEGs were identified between Hu and Tibetan sheep.
  • Enriched pathways included lipolysis in adipocytes, chemokine signaling, lysosomes, and glycosaminoglycan degradation.
  • BMP2 overexpression promoted adipogenesis, indicated by increased PPAR-γ expression and lipid droplet accumulation.

Conclusions:

  • Genes such as BMP2, HOXA11, PPP1CC, and LPIN1 are significantly involved in adipogenesis metabolism.
  • BMP2 plays a potential role in inducing adipogenesis via LOX in preadipocytes.
  • The study offers novel insights into the molecular basis of fat metabolism and fat tail development in sheep.