Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 7, 2025

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis
08:44

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

Published on: September 7, 2022

2.5K

Monocyte anisocytosis increases during multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children with cardiovascular

Lael M Yonker1,2,3, Oluwakemi Badaki-Makun4,5, Puneeta Arya6,7

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. lyonker@mgh.harvard.edu.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|June 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

A novel monocyte anisocytosis index (MDW) effectively identifies children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) and cardiac risks. This rapid test aids early diagnosis and treatment initiation for MIS-C, improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Hematology
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe post-SARS-CoV-2 complication requiring prompt diagnosis.
  • Current diagnostic methods for MIS-C are complex and time-consuming.
  • There is an urgent need for rapid diagnostic assays to expedite MIS-C evaluation and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of monocyte anisocytosis, measured by monocyte distribution width (MDW), as a rapid screening tool for MIS-C.
  • To assess the performance of MDW in identifying children with MIS-C, particularly those at risk for cardiac complications.
  • To compare the diagnostic accuracy of MDW with existing tier 1 laboratory tests for MIS-C.

Main Methods:

  • Monocyte distribution width (MDW) was measured in blood samples from children diagnosed with MIS-C and control groups.
  • A discovery cohort (April 2020-October 2020) established an MDW threshold for MIS-C identification.
  • A validation cohort (October 2020-October 2021) tested the MDW threshold's utility across multiple institutions.

Main Results:

  • In the discovery cohort, an MDW threshold of 24.0 showed 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity for MIS-C.
  • The validation cohort confirmed 100% sensitivity for MDW > 24.0 in identifying MIS-C.
  • MDW demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to other routine hematologic parameters and decreased with disease resolution.

Conclusions:

  • Monocyte anisocytosis, detected by MDW on routine CBC, significantly improves early identification of children with MIS-C.
  • This rapid assay facilitates timely intervention for MIS-C, especially in cases with cardiac involvement.
  • The findings suggest MDW can enhance current clinical practice guidelines for MIS-C evaluation.
Abstract

Keywords:
Monocyte distribution widthMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in childrenPediatric COVID-19

More Related Videos

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions09:41

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Published on: October 17, 2017

13.4K
Author Spotlight: Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis for Unveiling Multicellular Immune Signatures in Clinical Heart Attack Cohorts08:51

Author Spotlight: Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis for Unveiling Multicellular Immune Signatures in Clinical Heart Attack Cohorts

Published on: September 20, 2024

1.5K

Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
28
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
20
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
33
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
15
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
36
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
52