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Human Milk Antibody Response After Combining Two Different COVID-19 Vaccines: Mix-and-Match
Sien J Mulleners1, Hannah G Juncker1,2, Marit J van Gils3
1Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Background:
SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies are secreted into human milk after women are vaccinated against COVID-19, which might protect the breastfed infant. Due to several reports of severe side-effects of the Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 (AZD1222) vaccine against COVID-19, some lactating women followed a heterologous vaccination schedule consisting of the first dose of AZD1222 and a second dose of an mRNA-based vaccine. However, it is unclear whether this generates a significant SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk.
Main Issue:
To quantify the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk of two lactating women receiving a heterologous vaccination schedules: AZD1222 and mRNA-based vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech [BNT162b2] and Moderna [mRNA-1273]).
Management:
Both participants collected 16 samples of human milk longitudinally. SARS-CoV-2-specific Immunoglobulin A was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Conclusion:
Based on our results, it could be suggested that heterologous vaccination with AZD1222 and an mRNA-based vaccine can elicit a significant SARS-CoV-2 specific IgA response in human milk.
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