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CORM-3 induces DNA damage through Ru(II) binding to DNA.

Rhiannon F Lyon1, Hannah M Southam1, Clare R Trevitt1

  • 1School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.

The Biochemical Journal
|June 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The ruthenium complex CORM-3 targets cancer cells by binding to DNA, similar to cisplatin but with a different mechanism. This ruthenium compound induces DNA strand breaks, showing potential as a novel cancer therapeutic.

Keywords:
CORMDNA damageNMRcancercisplatinruthenium

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Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • CO-releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3) forms ruthenium complexes in water.
  • These complexes are internalized by cells and bind to intracellular ligands like thiols, leading to high intracellular Ru(II) concentrations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction of Ru(II) from CORM-3 with DNA.
  • To compare the DNA binding and cellular effects of Ru(II) with cisplatin.
  • To assess the potential of CORM-3 as a cancer therapeutic.

Main Methods:

  • Cellular uptake and intracellular ligand binding studies.
  • DNA binding assays, focusing on guanosine N7 positions.
  • Alkaline comet assay to detect DNA strand breaks in colorectal cancer cells.
  • Inhibition studies using amino acid-rich growth media.

Main Results:

  • Ru(II) binds to exposed guanosine N7 positions on DNA.
  • Unlike cisplatin, Ru(II) does not form intramolecular DNA crossbridges but can form intermolecular ones.
  • CORM-3 induces DNA strand breaks in human colorectal cancer cells.
  • Amino acids in growth media inhibit Ru uptake and subsequent DNA damage.

Conclusions:

  • Ruthenium complexes exhibit a distinct mechanism of action compared to platinum-based drugs like cisplatin.
  • The observed DNA damage and cytotoxicity suggest Ru(II) is a promising candidate for developing new cancer therapeutics.
  • Further research into ruthenium-based compounds is warranted for cancer treatment.