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Virtual Reality for Pain Relief in the Emergency Room (VIPER) - a prospective, interventional feasibility study.

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Pain Management
  • Virtual Reality Applications

Background:

  • Pain and anxiety are significant challenges in emergency departments (EDs).
  • Virtual reality (VR) simulations have shown promise in various clinical settings for pain and anxiety management.
  • Research on VR in adult EDs for pain control is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of VR simulation for pain and anxiety reduction.
  • To evaluate VR's impact on adult ED patients with moderate to severe pain (NRS ≥ 3).
  • To explore VR as an adjunct to usual care in an urgent care setting.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, within-subject, repeated measures feasibility pilot study was conducted.
  • Adult ED patients with pain (NRS ≥ 3) received VR simulation in addition to usual care.
  • Pain and anxiety levels were measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pre- and post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • Fifty-two patients were enrolled, with common pain sites including extremities and abdomen.
  • Significant reductions in both pain (median NRS 4.5 to 3) and anxiety (median NRS 4 to 2) were observed (p < 0.001).
  • Moderate to large effect sizes were found for pain (Cohen's d = 0.59) and anxiety reduction (Cohen's d = 0.75), with high user satisfaction.

Conclusions:

  • VR analgesia is a feasible and effective intervention for reducing pain and anxiety in busy ED settings.
  • The VR simulation was well-tolerated and highly satisfactory among patients.
  • Further randomized controlled trials are recommended to confirm these findings and assess resource utilization.