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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Interventional oncology: new techniques and new devices.

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Interventional oncology offers minimally invasive cancer treatments like chemoembolization and ablation for liver, kidney, and pancreatic tumors. This review covers advancements in these techniques and emerging therapies for improved patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Interventional oncology is a rapidly growing field for cancer treatment.
  • Established therapies include transarterial chemoembolization and ablation for liver, renal, and pancreatic tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in interventional oncology techniques.
  • Focus on chemoembolization and ablation technologies, devices, and strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on interventional oncology.
  • Focus on thermal ablation, histotripsy, high-intensity focused ultrasound, embolization, and immunotherapy/antiviral therapies.

Main Results:

  • Chemoembolization and ablation are established, guideline-supported therapies.
  • Ongoing research aims to improve outcomes and develop novel interventional oncology treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Interventional oncology continues to evolve with new devices and techniques.
  • These advancements offer alternatives to traditional surgery for various tumors.