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Risk Factors for Multiple Infections with Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter in Single Individuals Identified in
Ravit Bassal1,2, Rita Dichtiar1, Lital Keinan Boker1,3
1Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel.
The Israel Medical Association Journal : IMAJ
|June 23, 2022
Summary
Infection with Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter in children is rare but linked to specific demographics. Jewish children and those residing in Jerusalem or southern Israel showed higher risks for multiple infections.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter are common childhood infections.
- Limited data exists on risk factors for children infected with all three pathogens non-simultaneously.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify demographic risk factors for multiple infections with Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter in children.
- To analyze non-simultaneous infections with these three common bacterial pathogens.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational case-case-control study (1999-2020) in Israel.
- Cases: Children infected with all three pathogens at different times.
- Controls: Children infected with a single pathogen once.
Main Results:
- 109 cases (0.1%) and 86,511 controls (99.9%) identified.
- Independent risk factors for multiple infections included being Jewish (OR 2.4), residing in Jerusalem (OR 3.2), or the southern district (OR 3.7).
Conclusions:
- Non-simultaneous infections with Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter are rare but occur in Israeli children.
- Public health initiatives promoting culture-adjusted hygiene practices are recommended.
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