[Guidelines on genetic testing in psychiatry: an overview].

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Clinical Genetics
• Medical Research

Background:

• Technological advancements have identified genetic variations linked to psychiatric symptoms.
• Genetic causes can explain patient/family concerns and enable targeted treatment for comorbidities.
• Currently, genetic testing is underutilized in psychiatric patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review literature and guidelines on genetic testing in psychiatric disorders.
• To offer clinical practice guidance on indications for genetic testing.

Main Methods:

• Systematic search of PubMed and Embase for genetic testing recommendations in psychiatric disorders.
• Analysis of national and international genetic testing guidelines in psychiatry.
• Findings summarized in an infographic.

Main Results:

• Referral to a clinical geneticist is recommended for patients with psychiatric disorders and intellectual disability.
• Psychiatrists should consider genetic testing for other psychiatric disorders with 'red flags' (e.g., family history, congenital abnormalities, developmental delay, dysmorphic features, movement disorders, cognitive decline).
• Psychiatrists can initiate genetic testing or refer patients to clinical geneticists.

Conclusions:

• Genetic anomalies can underlie psychiatric disorders, especially with co-occurring somatic symptoms.
• Psychiatrists must identify warning signs of genetic abnormalities and know when to pursue genetic testing.