Secondary Malignancy in Giant Cell Tumor: A Single-Center Study
Min Wook Joo1, Yong-Suk Lee2, Hong Sik Park3
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|June 23, 2022
Summary
Malignant transformation in giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) shows a better prognosis than previously thought, especially without radiotherapy. Benign recurrence of GCTB may indicate a poorer prognosis for secondary malignancy.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Oncology
- Bone Sarcomas
- Pathology
Background:
- Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) can transform into secondary malignancy (MGCT).
- MGCT historically has a poor prognosis and is often linked to radiotherapy.
- Understanding MGCT clinicopathological features is crucial for improved patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with secondary malignant transformation of GCTB.
- To evaluate the impact of radiotherapy and benign recurrence on MGCT outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records for 12 patients with high-grade spindle-cell sarcoma post-GCTB treatment.
- Analysis of patient demographics, treatment history, latency to transformation, AJCC staging, and survival data.
Main Results:
- No cases of secondary MGCT occurred after radiotherapy in this series.
- Median latency to malignant transformation was 63 months.
- Five-year survival rates for recurrence-free, metastasis-free, and overall survival were 61.9%, 66.7%, and 58.3%, respectively.
- Initial metastasis and benign GCTB recurrence were negative prognostic factors.
Conclusions:
- Secondary MGCT in this cohort had a better prognosis than previously reported, with no cases linked to radiotherapy.
- Benign recurrence of GCTB may serve as a prognostic indicator for MGCT.
- Further research is needed to confirm these findings and refine treatment strategies.
