Weight Gain after Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

Obesity following breast cancer diagnosis is associated with poor overall survival. Understanding weight trajectories will help inform breast cancer survivors at greater risk of weight gain, and those who would benefit from earlier anti-obesity interventions. We performed a retrospective chart review of women from the Breast Cancer Program Longitudinal Repository (BCPLR) at Johns Hopkins diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive Stage I-III breast cancer from 2010 to 2020. We investigated obesity (measured by body mass index [BMI]) over time, patient and tumor characteristics, as well as treatment and recurrence. We observed a significant ≥5% increase in BMI from diagnosis to most recent follow-up (p = 0.009), particularly among those who were overweight at diagnosis (p = 0.003). Additionally, among those up to 5 years since diagnosis, there was a significant association between experiencing a ≥0.1 kg/m² increase per year since diagnosis and baseline BMI status (p = 0.009). A ≥0.6 kg/m² decrease in BMI was observed for participants with obesity at diagnosis (p = 0.006). Our study highlights (i) the significant burden of obesity in women with a history of breast cancer and (ii) higher risks for increases in BMI and shifts in class of obesity among women who are overweight at diagnosis.