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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Correction: Belyaeva et al. Tuberculosis and Autoimmunity. <i>Pathophysiology</i> 2022, <i>29</i>, 298-318.

Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology·2022
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Tuberculosis and Autoimmunity.

Irina V Belyaeva1, Anna N Kosova1, Andrei G Vasiliev1

  • 1Department of Pathophysiology, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 194100 Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Pathophysiology : the Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology
|June 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) involves autoimmunity, with autoantibodies playing a debated role. Their function in TB pathogenesis remains unclear, potentially being protective, harmful, or both.

Keywords:
adjuvantautoimmunitycell deathcytokinesgenetic polymorphismtuberculosisvitamin D

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread chronic bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • Autoimmune diseases are often linked to immune responses against bacterial agents, including M. tuberculosis.
  • Autoimmunity is a recognized complication of TB, with evidence supporting the presence of autoantibodies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted role of autoantibodies in tuberculosis pathogenesis.
  • To discuss the various proposed mechanisms and debated functions of autoantibodies in TB.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on autoantibody presence in tuberculosis.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms for autoimmunity development in TB patients.

Main Results:

  • The precise role of autoantibodies in TB pathogenesis is not clearly defined and is widely disputed.
  • Autoantibodies in TB are hypothesized to be reactive immune responses, critical to pathogenicity, initiators of autoimmune disease, protective, or possess a dual role.

Conclusions:

  • Autoimmunity is a complex aspect of tuberculosis, with multiple potential pathways contributing to its development.
  • Factors such as cell death, impaired autophagy, immune cell activation, vitamin D deficiency, and genetic variations may influence autoimmunity in TB.